Showing 8 results for Bayat
Susan Rahimzadeh, Ali Asgari, Maryam Bayat, Hamideh Haji Seyedrazi,
Volume 17, Issue 70 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background: Several studies indicate that the structure of scientific articles in Phycology, particularly in methodology, have not met the required scientific standards. To achieve standardization, it is required to analyze the structure and configuration of articles as well as the components such as research design, characteristics of sample groups, instruments, and statistical methods. Aims: The present study aims to analyze scientific articles in different branches of psychology, in order to identify condition of the research papers based on: authors’ interest, diversity, gaps, inconsistencies, and deficiencies in methodology. One thousand one hundred twenty-six original articles from scientific research journals approved by Iranian Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology during the 2007 - 2010 period were reviewed. Nine postgraduate students extracted the data and the four authors re-examined them. Method: This study has a descriptive design, and data is displayed in frequency tables. Results: The results indicate that, the use of some research designs, sample groups, instruments, and statistical methods were very low or non-existent; and in contrast, some other research design, instruments, and methods were widely applied in the studies. Conclusions: The findings were compared to the frame work suggested by known scientist associations, and suggestions for improving the structure and writing style of methodologies are put forth.
Khosro Rashid, Ahmad Bayat,
Volume 18, Issue 74 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background: Aesthetics is one of the concepts that have recently received psychologists’ attention. In this regard, the main question is whether there are significant relationships between the dimensions of psychological capitals (hope, resiliency, optimism, and efficiency) and emotional empathy components (cognitive, social and emotional empathy) by mediating aesthetic intelligence or not? Aims: The present study aimed to explain the relationships between the dimensions of psychological capitals and emotional empathy components by mediating aesthetics intelligence. Method: The present study was a correlational-descriptive design. 205 high school students of the city of Touyserkan were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected using the psychological capital questionnaire (Luthans and Avolio, 2007), the intelligence aesthetic scale (Rashid and Hasanvand, 1393), and the emotional empathy scale (Baron-Cohen, 2003). Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling. Results: Results showed that there were significant relationships between the dimensions of psychological capitals and emotional empathy components (p<0/001). Also, among the variables and components under study, aesthetics had the highest effect on emotional empathy and the efficacy had the least effect on aesthetics. Conclusions: with the change in each of the dimensions of psychological capitals, the individuals’ emotional empathy components change and, of course, the individuals’ aesthetic intelligence is effective in this regard.
Alireza Eftekhari Bayati, Sara Pashang, Dr Fariborz Bagheri, Hassan Ahadi,
Volume 18, Issue 82 (12-2019)
Abstract
Background: Hope is one of the most important issues in elderly life. But the key question is: which mindfulness training and drug therapy work best for the elderly? Aims: To compare the effect of mindfulness education approach on hope in elderly women with Alzheimer's disease. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study using pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population was all women with mild Alzheimer's disease living in Qazvin sanatoriums in 1396. 27 of them were selected by random sampling and divided into two experimental and one control group. The tools are: Schneider et al. (1991) Adult Hope Scale and Mindfulness-Based Therapy Protocol (Rahmani Fard, Sheriff Kouche & Cross-Border, 1396). Results were analyzed by one way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA.
Results: There was a significant difference between the effectiveness of mindfulness treatment and drug therapy (p<0/01). Conclusions: Mindfulness training can be used to increase the hope of older women with Alzheimer's disease.
Dariush Esfandiyari Bayat, Ismaeel Asadpour, Farshad Mohsenzadeh, Abdolrahim Kasaee,
Volume 20, Issue 97 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background: Marital infidelity has increased in recent decades. The psychological disorders occur following the non-forgiveness of women who have experienced husbands’ infidelity. Therefore, it is important to address the most effective therapeutic interventions to increase forgiveness in women affected by infidelity. Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine comparison of the effectiveness of training based on rational, emotional and behavioral therapy (REBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on forgiveness of women affected by marital infidelity. Method: In this research, quasi experimental with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group design was used. From all the women with husbands’ infidelity who referred to two counseling centers and a psychiatric office in Shiraz, 30 women were selected and were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (10 each). The two experimental groups received Rational, Emotional and Behavioral therapy (REBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and the control group did not receive any intervention. All participants completed the Forgiveness Questionnaire (FQ) in three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Results: The results showed that the two treatments increase forgiveness (p<0/01) and neither is superior to the other (p> 0/05). Conclusions: Therefore It can be concluded that in despite of the difference between content and process of the two approaches of rational-emotional-behavioral therapy (REBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), it seems that elements such as emotional discharge, hope and universal experience which are things that are common to both therapies, are the factors that could have influence on the rise of forgiveness, and therapists can use both treatment approaches equally to increase forgiveness in women affected by infidelity.
Mohammadmehdi Shirzadi, Shabnam Bayati, Arezoo Bodaghi, Nadeya Babadi Akasheh,
Volume 20, Issue 98 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background: Philosophy programs can improve a broad range of students’ individual and social competencies. Aims: The current research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of philosophy for children program on academic incivility and academic engagement of sixth-graders in elementary schools in Borujen, a city in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province of Iran. Method: A pre-test/post-test control group design was performed in this quasi-experimental study. The population consisted of all male sixth-graders in elementary schools in Borujen city, of whom 40 subjects were selected through a random cluster sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The participants were then given the intervention program of philosophy for children (Cam, 2001) for ten 60-minute sessions. The research tools included Clark et al (2015) the academic incivility questionnaire and the Reeve academic engagement questionnaire (2013). Data analysis was performed using a multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: It was observed that the philosophy for children program significantly decreased academic incivility and increased academic engagement of the sixth graders (p< 0/001). Conclusions: Such finding suggest that implication of philosophy for children program in educational settings can positively influence the academic engagement and academic incivility
Ahmad Bayat, Khosro Rashid, Rasoul Kordnoghabi, Abolghsem Yaghoobi,
Volume 21, Issue 115 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background: The aesthetic ability of individuals and their aesthetic development has been considered in various studies. However, it is important to pay attention to this issue during the stages of aesthetic development, and what changes occur in terms of visual and auditory aesthetics.
Aims: In this regard, the main aim of this study was identifying the stages of visual and auditory aesthetic development in students.
Methods: The design of this study was developmental and cross-sectional. 300 students from Tuyserkan were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected by interview using a researcher-made instrument. During the interview, participants' responses to visual and auditory stimuli were recorded and then analyzed by content analysis. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.
Results: The results of this study showed that the visual aesthetic ability developed in 5 steps: objectivism (7 to 9 years), sensory (9 to 11 years), emotional (11 to 13 years), interpretive (13 to 15 years), and response/ practical (15 to 17 years) and their auditory aesthetic ability developed in 5 steps: objectivism (7 to 9 years), analytical (9 to 11 years), sensory-emotional (11 to 13 years), practical (13 to 15 years), and symbolic (15 to 17 years). The results of the Chi-Square analysis showed that the difference in the frequency of identified categories is also significant (P < 0.001). But there was no significant difference between girls and boys in terms of visual and auditory aesthetic development (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The aesthetic ability of students in each age group is different from the periods before and after that age group, and it is subject to change and transformation. Aesthetically, people look at the phenomena of their surroundings from a different perspective. Of course, there are not many gender differences in this regard. Applying these findings to the educational system can improve the quality of planning and better service delivery.
Hossein Bayat, Hasan Rezaei Jamalouei, Moslem Abbasi, Mehdi Taheri,
Volume 23, Issue 138 (8-2024)
Abstract
Background: Asthma as one of the most common diseases and one of the most serious health problems can have many physical and psychological problems. Therefore, the use of psychological interventions in order to modify the psychological correlates is an unavoidable necessity.
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stress management training on perceived stress and self-control in students with asthma.
Methods: The present study is applied research and in terms of data collection is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population of this study is all Students with asthma in Shiraz. The sample consisted of 30 students with asthma who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to the stress management training group (15 people) and control group (15 people). Subjects before and after stress management training in experimental and control groups responded to the perceived stress scale (Cohen and et al., 1983) and Self-Control scale (Tangney and et al., 2004). Stress management training was performed using the Hosseini-Naveh and et al. (2023) stress management training in the experimental group, and the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The collected data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS.27 software.
Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that stress management training reduced perceived stress and increased self-control scores in students with asthma in post-test stage (P< 0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, stress management training can reduce perceived stress in asthma patients and increase their self-control, so it is recommended as an appropriate training program for improving psychological correlates of asthma patients.
Mohsen Bayat, Sajjad Basharpoor, Seifollah Aghajani, Niloofar Mikaeili,
Volume 24, Issue 150 (8-2025)
Abstract
Background: Distress tolerance and emotion regulation are common challenges in depression and can exacerbate mood disorders.
Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotional schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance and emotion regulation difficulties in individuals with major depressive disorder.
Method: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population included all patients with major depressive disorder in Zanjan city in 2023. Among them, 45 eligible volunteers with major depressive disorder were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 participants each) and one control group (15 participants). The data collection tools included the Beck Depression Inventory (1961), the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004). The first experimental group underwent 9 sessions of emotional schema therapy, while the second experimental group received 8 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy, with each session lasting ninety minutes and held weekly. Data analysis was conducted using univariate analysis of covariance, multivariate analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post hoc tests at a significance level of 0.05, using SPSS version 26.
Findings: The results indicated that both treatments were effective in improving distress tolerance and emotion regulation (p < 0.05). However, the Bonferroni post hoc test results showed that neither treatment was superior to the other in terms of their impact on distress tolerance and emotion regulation, as both were equally effective.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be stated that emotional schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy can serve as beneficial and promising interventions for increasing distress tolerance and reducing difficulties in emotion regulation in depressed individuals.
