Showing 5 results for Physical Activity
Mahmoud Sheikh, Marzieh Moslemi Nejad,
Volume 15, Issue 57 (5-2016)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of physical exercise on the body image concern in elder females, and also the mediating role of body mass index in the relationship between self-esteem and body image concern. From all elder females in Tehran, a sample consisting of 177 athletic elder females and 195 non-athletics elder females were recruited from restricts 2, 6, 22, and 4 in Tehran by cluster random sampling. Littleton's body image concern (2005), Rosenberg's self-esteem (1963), and individual information questionnaires were used to collect data. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by measuring participant's heights and weights. Multiple analyzes of variance (MANOVA) was used to compare the dimensions of body image concern in the two groups. Also, the mediating role of body mass index in the relationship between self-esteem and body image concern were examined with regression analysis. Results of this study showed that body image concerns in athletic females were significantly lower in all subscales from non-athletic counterparts (P<0.001, F = -4.12). In other words, athletic elder females had both lower appearance dissatisfaction (P<0.001, F = -4.26) and lower social performance interference than athletic elder females (P<00.1, F = -3.73). Then, the only effect of body image dissatisfaction on self-esteem in this model was confirmed using regression indicators (P≤0.001, β = -042). The results related to the comparison of body image concerns in athletic and non-athletic elder females was aligned with many researches in this field showing fewer body image concerns followed by physical activity. But part of the results related to the mediating role of body mass index in the relationship between self-esteem and body image concern in elder female were inconsistent with many of the studies.
Mostafa Taheri Nasab, Marzieh Balali, Sadegh Nasri,
Volume 20, Issue 107 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background: Studies have shown that games based on fundamental motor skills and action video are effective in acquiring motor skills. However, studies on the Enjoyment factor of physical activity as an important psychological factor are rare.
Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of active video games and fundamental sports games on the enjoyment of physical activity in fourth grade elementary school male students.
Methods: The research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population included all 10 years Children in Ahvaz. 60 Children were selected by available sampling method and randomly divided into 3 groups of 30 individual. The research instruments included the Xbox 360 Kinect and Moore enjoyment questionnaire (2009). Analysis of covariance with bonferroni were used to analyze the data.
Results: fundamental sports and action video games had a significant effect (p <.05) on children's enjoyment of physical activity. Also, there was no difference between the fundamental sports and action video in the factor of enjoyment of physical activity. So that the larger perceived group was more associated with alpha wave reduction.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is possible to use both fundamental sports and Action video methods, or a combination of both methods in the absence of suitable environmental conditions for increase enjoyment.
Zahra Khozaei Ravari, Soudabeh Ershadi Manesh, Beheshteh Safarpour,
Volume 23, Issue 134 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background: The relationship between parenting style and physical activity of children has been confirmed in previous studies. Studies show that strict parents may impose more restrictions on their children's physical activity.
Aims: The aim of this study was to avoid physical activity and parental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: from the perspective of strict parents.
Methods: This research is descriptive and cross-sectional and correlational in terms of purpose, which was done using structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of this study is all parents of 7-12 years old children in Kerman city who are studying in elementary school in 2020. In this study, 271 parents of elementary school students responded to the research questionnaires. Stress, depression and anxiety questionnaires (Antony and et al., 1998) were used to collect the data. Data were collected using Smart PLS.3 software.
Results: The results of the analysis showed that knowledge directly and indirectly through parental stress and severity rate on physical activity abstinence of children. The results showed that awareness through parental stress explained 40% of variance of abstinence from physical activity. Also, awareness through deterioration rate explains 30% of variance of abstinence from physical activity.
Stress and perceived risk can significantly affect authoritarian parents’ decision-making process. Parents with greater awareness and knowledge about COVID-19 reported more avoidance behavior.
Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that parental awareness through perceived deterioration and parental stress can affect the abstinence of physical activity in children. Therefore, evidence-based psychological interventions can have a moderating effect on parental stress and perceived severity of disease.
Zainab Mirzaeian Vanab, Marjan Saffari, Rasool Norouzi Seyed Hossini3, Seyedeh Melika Kharghani Moghadam,
Volume 25, Issue 158 (4-2026)
Abstract
Background: Leisure-time physical activity plays a significant role in the physical and mental health of adolescents. However, the majority of adolescents do not participate in such activities sufficiently. To better understand the factors influencing this behavior, the Theory of Planned Behavior is employed as a valid and reliable framework .Methods: Q's methodology is essentially qualitative.The qualitative nature of this method is due to the fact that it does not require a specific sample size, which is a prerequisite for reliable quantitative analysis, and the quantitative part of it is done using factor analysis. Materials In the following, the background of the research was reviewed first, and then based on the documents and a component of the theory of planned behavior, 48 phrases were selected as the space of discourse. Based on the documents and the comments of several professors of the sports management department, it can be said that the Q expressions obtained are capable and comprehensive. Therefore, it has an accepted and confirmed validity. Q-sorting was piloted with five participants before being implemented on a larger group of participants for content validity and face validity. The approved sample number was 48 adolescents who do physical activity in their leisure time. They were asked to categorize the cue statements on the set axes of agreeing, opposing and abstaining in the form of a five-option spectrum from 5 + to 5 -. Then, the data were analyzed using KADE software. Results: After performing factor analysis, four mental patterns were identified. The factors obtained based on ranking and importance were: Volitions’; behavioral consequentialists; reference’s; goal oriented. Conclusion: The results of this study confirm the willpower and the importance of having a goal and the support of the reference group, especially parents, to increase the leisure time physical activity of adolescents
Alireza Afrazeh, Shahin Imani Khoshkhoo, Jalal Bolouki,
Volume 25, Issue 159 (5-2026)
Abstract
Background: The tendency toward high-risk behaviors is one of the major challenges during adolescence, and physical activity can play an important role in reducing such behaviors. However, most studies have overlooked age-related differences across the stages of adolescence. Therefore, it is essential to examine this relationship separately during different phases of adolescent development.
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity and high-risk behaviors in the developmental period of adolescence.
Methods: This causal-comparative cross-sectional study was conducted during the 2024–2025 academic year on 1,325 male secondary school students (middle and high school) aged 12 to 18 in Siahkal County. Using a two-stage cluster sampling method, 435 students were selected, with 145 participants in each developmental stage of adolescence (early, middle, and late). Research instruments included the Adolescent Physical Activity Questionnaire (Kowalski et al., 1997) and the Iranian Adolescent Risk-Taking Scale (Zadehmohammadi et al., 2011). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and Fisher’s Z-test in SPSS v26.
Results: In early adolescence, physical activity was significantly and negatively associated only with tendencies toward smoking and drug use (p < 0.05). In middle adolescence, physical activity showed significant negative associations with smoking (p < 0.01), alcohol use (p < 0.05), drug use (p < 0.01), and sexual behavior (p < 0.05). In late adolescence, physical activity had significant negative relationships with all high-risk behaviors, including violence (p < 0.05). The comparison of Fisher’s Z coefficients also showed that the strength of this relationship in late adolescence, compared to earlier stages, was significantly greater in behaviors such as alcohol use (z = 2.67), sexual behavior (z = 2.07), and violence (z = 2.12), as all values were significant (z ≥ 1.96).
Conclusion: Physical activity can play an effective protective role in reducing high-risk behaviors among adolescents, especially during late