Showing 28 results for Attitude
Mojtaba Aghili, Zeynab Ghorbani,
Volume 13, Issue 50 (8-2014)
Abstract
In Psychology of Religion, based on the importance of religion in all facets of life, religious psychological factors are discussed. This research was done to study the relationship between religious attitudes with happiness and optimism of students. Due to the topic of discussion, the descriptive study method and of the correlation type was used. In this regard 221 students among the 3318 students of Payam Noor University of Gorgan were selected by the random stratified method based on Kerjcie and Morgan’s formula (with relative error % 7) as the sample group. Data was collected using the Rajmanykam’s Religious Attitudes Scale (RRAS), Oxford Happiness questionnaire (OHQ) and the Life Orientation questionnaire (LOT). Data was analyzed using regression modeling correlation coefficient, indepent t-test, K_S Test and descriptive statistics indices. The results demonstrated that, there were no significant differences between religious attitudes and happiness among the girls and boys, but there is a difference in optimism between the girls and boys. Conclusions: Individuals with reference to religion and spiritualitycan enjoy greater happiness and optimism.
Mohammadali Besharat, Negar Mazloomhoseini, Masoud Gholamali Lavasani, Bahramali Ghanbari Hashemabadi,
Volume 15, Issue 57 (5-2016)
Abstract
Marital relationships are influenced by sexual dysfunctions resulting in development and or continuing marital problems. The present study aimed at examining the moderating role of performance anxiety, sexual knowledge and attitudes on the relationship between severity of sexual dysfunctions and marital problems. A total of 70 individuals (35 males, 35 females) referring to the sexual dysfunctions center of the Mashhad university of medical sciences participated in this study. Participants were asked to complete Golombok-Rust inventory of sexual state questionnaire (GRISS), Golombok Rust inventory of marital state (GRIMS), multidimensional self concept questionnaire (MDSCQ), and sexual knowledge and attitude scale (SKAS). Sexual dysfunctions showed a significant positive association with marital problems. Performance anxiety and inadequate knowledge and negative attitudes to sex showed significant positive associations with marital problems. Performance anxiety as well as sexual knowledge and attitudes predicted sexual dysfunctions. Analysis of the data revealed that performance anxiety significantly moderated the relationship between sexual dysfunctions and marital problems. The moderating role of sexual knowledge and attitudes, however, did not approved. Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that sexual and marital aspects of the couple's relationship are influenced by personal characteristics of performance anxiety as well as sexual knowledge and attitude. The results of the present study provided support for the importance of these variables in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of sexual dysfunctions as well as marital problems.
Fatemeh Khorami, Ali Akbar Saif, Ali Reza Kiamanesh, Fariborz Dortaj,
Volume 17, Issue 69 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background: Positive attitude toward school, educational content, and teachers’ behaviors cause academic motivations in students. Self-regulated learners develop the positive attitude through their own intellectual processes and knowing how to utilize learning strategies. This research project determines the effectiveness of self-regulation on students with low attitude toward school. Aims: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of self-regulation in reinforcing positive attitude toward school among grade 11 students. Method: This experimental study was carried out with a pretest-posttest design and control groups. 88 students (44 male and 44 female) with low scores in attitude to school were selected by using the multistage cluster sampling. The attitude questionnaire toward Mccoach and siegle (2003) school was used as the research tool, and data were analyzed by using one way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Results showed the significant effectiveness of the attitude toward to school among both of experimental male and female groups (p<0/01). Conclusions: The development of self-regulation skills, improved the student performance in learning as compared before. This achievement, in turn, instilled a positive attitude to school among them.
Manijeh Firoozi, Mohammad Hasan Sharifiyan, Abolfazl Fathipour,
Volume 18, Issue 75 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background: Cancer has been perceived as a horrible and deadly disease among some people, which may cause felling neglected and inadequate social support, but could these attitudes lead the persons of society to decrease their social support and avoid them? Aims: In order to discover the reasons for inadequate social support, this study investigated the attitude of the citizens of Tehran toward cancer patients. Method: This study was a correlational-descriptive design. One hundred and thirty-four people completed the attitude toward cancer patients scale (Cho and Colleague, 2012). Results: The results demonstrated that there was a positive relationship between the belief regarding the impossibility of the cancer treatment, stereotypes of cancer patients, and discrimination against them. Furthermore, people who had the experience of volunteering in the centers for supporting the cancer patients showed lower discrimination against these patients. Also men showed more negative attitudes toward the patients than women, but had lower discriminating actions against them than women. Conclusions: the findings showed that individuals with negative attitudes toward cancer patients were more likely to have discrimination against them and provided inadequate social support.
Zeinab Mohamadian, Fatemeh Bahrami Khondabi, Korosh Goudarzi, Masoud Sadeghi,
Volume 18, Issue 81 (12-2019)
Abstract
Background: research has been indicated about effectiveness of narrative therapy But does the combination of narrative therapy and imagotherapy affect attitudes to marriage? Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the combined approach of narrative therapy and imagotherapy on marital expectations in marriage volunteers. Method: The research method is semi-experimental with experimental and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of 80 girls and boys of marriage age in Boroujerd. Using a convenience sampling method from 60 men and women who were willing to participate in the research, a total of 60 person were selected for the experimental and control groups. The attitude to Marriage Scale (MAS) Brateen& Rosen (1998) was used for data collection. Each of the experimental groups received 8 sessions 11-minute of combined Imagotherapy and Couples Narrative Therapy (Shaver, Niener & Albert, Aurangz, 2018). Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the combined approach of imagotherapy and narrative therapy on attitude to marriage (pessimistic attitude to marriage, optimistic attitude to marriage and realistic attitude to marriage) had a positive effect on both post-test and follow-up (p<0/01). Conclusions: Therefore, it is possible to use a combination of narrative therapy and imagotherapy on a realistic view of marriage in marriage volunteers.
Hamid Kazemi Zahrani, Farzaneh Ebrahimi Joozdani, Saeedeh Alsadat Hashemi Najaf Abadi, Hadi Farahmand,
Volume 18, Issue 82 (12-2019)
Abstract
Background: Unhealthy nutritional attitudes and emotion regulation difficulties are among the most important problems among young people, but the key question is whether natural cognition plays a mediating role in emotion regulation difficulties and nutritional attitudes? Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of natural misery in predicting nutritional attitudes based on emotion regulation difficulties. Method: It was a descriptive-correlational one and was performed on 130 students of Payam Noor Najafabad University who were selected by available sampling method. Research questionnaires included Toronto Natural Intelligence Scale (1994), Garner & Garfinkel (1979) Nutrition Attitude Scale, and Gratz & Roemer (2004) Emotion Regulation Scale. Data were analyzed using structural equation method. Results: The results showed that direct path coefficients between predictor (emotion regulation difficulties) and criterion variable (nutritional attitudes) were not significant (p>0/05), but indirect path coefficients between These variables were significant with mediation of natural odor (p<0/05). Conclusions: Natural curiosity mediates the prediction of nutritional attitudes based on the difficulty of emotion regulation, which demonstrates the role of natural curiosity in emotion regulation and improvement of nutritional attitudes.
Abo Saied Davarpanah, Seyed Reza Balaghat, Aseye Rahimidadkan,
Volume 19, Issue 91 (10-2020)
Abstract
Background: Several studies have investigated the factors associated with Internet addiction and attitude to messenger software. But research that examines the relationship between addiction and attitude to mobile messenger software and how peer-to-peer students interact in the teaching-learning process of the curriculum has been neglected.Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between addiction and attitude towards mobile messenger software and the relationship between peer-to-peer students in the teaching-learning process of the curriculum: a case study of secondary school students in Khash city. Method: The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The population of the study consisted of 3542 students (1232 girls and 1759 boys) in the second high school male and female students of Khash city. Based on Morgan table, 340 individuals were selected by cluster random sampling. The standard questionnaire of addiction and attitude to Zare Moghaddam and Salehnia mobile messenger software (2015) and Walter Debussy Hudson (1992) Peer Relationship Index (IPR) were used to measure research variables. Spearman correlation and independent t-test were used for data analysis. Results: The results indicated that there is a relationship between addiction and attitude towards mobile messenger software and the relationship between high school students in Khash city in teaching - learning process. Also, the results of independent t-test showed that the mean of addiction and attitude to mobile messenger software and students' relationship in teaching - learning process in girls was higher than boys
(P< 0/01). Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that addiction and attitude to messenger mobile software are effective in students' learning-process
Afshin Ahramiyan, Mansour Sodani, Maryam Gholamzadeh Jofreh,
Volume 20, Issue 101 (8-2021)
Abstract
Background: Attitudes toward infidelity and intimacy are variables that can play a significant role in the tendency to marital infidelity in couples. But does solution-focused therapy help reducing attitudes toward marital infidelity and improving the marital intimacy of married people? Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Solution-Focused Therapy on attitudes toward marital infidelity and marital intimacy of married people in Bushehr. Method: The present study was single case experimental design of multiple baseline. The statistical population of the study included couples referring to the Masire Zendeghi Counseling Center in 2019. 4 couples (8 people) were selected by voluntary – purpose sampling. Research tools include: Whatley (2006) Attitudes Toward Infidelity Scale, Bagarozzi (2001) Marital Intimacy Questionnaire and 8 sessions of 90-minute solution-focused therapy by Steve de Shazer method (Azizi & Ghasemi, 2017). Data were analyzed by visual mapping, reliable change index and improvement rate formula. Results: Solution-Focused Therapy reduced the variable of attitudes toward marital infidelity (%23/22 improvement) and its effect was maintained until the end of the two-month follow-up period (%20/07 improvement). Solution-Focused Therapy could increase the marital intimacy of couples (%14/64 improvement), the effect of which was maintained until the end of the follow-up period (%12/61 improvement). Their change in reliable index also showed that these changes were significant
(P< 0/05). Conclusions: The results of analysis of research data revealed that solution- Focused Therapy is effective in reducing attitudes toward marital infidelity and increasing marital intimacy of married people
Ebrahim Chellemal Dezfooli Nejad, Farzan Momeni, Mir Mohsen Pedram, Alireza Moradi,
Volume 20, Issue 106 (12-2021)
Abstract
Background: Due to the growing trend of social networks and the expansion of their impact, studies have been conducted on the impact of these networks on attitudes, behaviors and lifestyles, etc. However, no study has been done on the effect of cognitive indicators on attitude change in social networks.
Aims: The purpose of this study is to present a conceptual model to examine the effect of three factors: (1) cognitive flexibility, (2) emotional self-regulation, and (3) actively open-minded thinking on changing people's attitudes in social networks.
Methods: The method of the present study is descriptive.Data collection was done via survey method. The statistical population includes all users of social networks. The statistical sample included 384 men and women who were selected by convenience sampling. To examine the effect of cognitive flexibility, emotional self-regulation, and actively open minded thinking on attitude change, following three scales were used respectively, Martin and Rubin Cognitive Flexibility Scale (Martin and Rubin, 1995), Emotional Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Hoffman, & Kashdan, 2010), Actively Open-Minded Thinking Questionnaire (Stanovich &West 2007). The attitudes of individuals was examined by researcher-made questionnaires whose content validity was confirmed by experts and their reliability was confirmed by statistical methods. After confirming the normality of the data, structural equation modeling with lisrel software was used.
Results: Testing the hypotheses performed by structural equations showed that mentioned indicators have an acceptable t value at a significant level (p <0.05). Therefore, they are effective in changing people's attitudes. Emotional self-regulation was also shown to have the greatest effect (0.9) on changing attitudes toward domestic violence.
Conclusion: This means that the cognitive abilities of social network users have a direct impact on changing their attitudes.
Zahra Azari, Sajad Aminimanesh, Mohammad Mozafari, Banafshe Omidvar,
Volume 21, Issue 115 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background: The role of parents in improving the quality of life of intellectually disabled children is clear completely. Studies show that promoting the life skills of mothers can lead to the well-being and quality of life of these children and their parents. Therefore, conducting controlled research in this field is necessary and has priority.
Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based life skill training on psychological wellbeing and attitudes among parents of mild mentally retarded children.
Methods: The research design was experimental with a pretest-post-test and control group. The statistical population of the study was the parents of mentally retarded children who were studying in Shiraz during the 1400-99 academic year and were matched based on age and level of education. The sample consisted of 30 parents with mentally retarded children who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. Also, the intervention was performed in eight sessions of 120 minutes (one session per week). Research data were collected using a psychological wellbeing and parental attitudes questionnaires and analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance and SPSS-22.
Results: The results showed that mindfulness-based life skills training had a significant effect on improving self-control, self-acceptance and having a goal. The results also showed that mindfulness-based life skills training had a significant effect on the dimensions of acceptance of love, despair and extreme support of parents of children with mild intellectual disabilities.
Conclusion: Considering the efficacy of mindfulness-based life skill training on parents’ attitudes and psychological wellbeing, it seems necessary to pay more attention to this factor in the research and education of families who have children with intellectual disabilities.
Masoumeh Gharib Bolouk, Niloofar Mikaeili, Sajjad Basharpoor,
Volume 21, Issue 116 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background: Although numerous factors are at play at different cognitive, personality trait, emotional, and behavioral levels in sleep quality in adolescents, the wider picture is still unclear.
Aims: This study aimed to predict sleep quality in adolescents based on dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, neuroticism, Internet addiction, and anxiety sensitivity mediated by emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness.
Methods: Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in this study. The statistical population included all female and male senior high school students in Damghan, Iran in the 2020–21 academic year. Three hundred and twenty nine adolescents were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Research instruments were Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS) (Morin et al., 1993), NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Short Form (NEO-FFI-SF) (Costa and McCrae, 1989), Internet Addiction Test (IAT) (Young, 1998), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) (Reiss, Peterson, Gursky, and McNally, 1986), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ–CA) (Gross and John, 2003), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) (Ryan and Brown, 2003), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (Buysse et al., 1989). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and SEM.
Results: The findings showed that mindfulness and adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship of neuroticism, anxiety sensitivity, dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, and Internet addiction with sleep quality (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that the structural model of the research had a good fit and hence Clinical therapists specializing in adolescents’ mental health are recommended to take into consideration the role of these components.
Zahra Gholami Gherashiran, Bager Sanaeizaker, Alireza Kiamanesh, Kianoosh Zahrakar,
Volume 21, Issue 116 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background: The instability of marriage has a deep impact on a couple's relationship and family structure. Although many studies have been conducted on marital instability, the role of attitude towards marriage and emotional maturity in predicting marital instability has been under-examined.
Aims: This research was conducted to identify the contribution of emotional maturity factors, attitude towards marriage, age at marriage, and income level to the instability of marriage of married men and women with a minimum of 5 and a maximum of 10 years of marriage. Also, identifying the role of the factors of attitude towards marriage and the factors of emotional maturity in predicting the instability of the marriage of the two studied groups is one of the goals of this study.
Methods: In this research, descriptive, correlation, and regression tests have been used. One-hundred ninety-seven men and women with a minimum of 5 and a maximum of 10 years of history of marriage and at least one child were selected using non-probability purposive available sampling and answered questionnaires about marital instability (Booth et al, 1987), attitude towards marriage (Rozon and Bratton, 1998) and emotional maturity (Singh and Bhargava, 1974) have answered. The age at the time of marriage and the amount of income were collected through interviews. The data have been analyzed using t, correlation, and regression tests.
Results: In this research, descriptive, correlation, and regression methods were used. One hundred and ninety-seven men and women with a minimum of 5 and a maximum of 10 years of cohabitation were selected as available to answer questionnaires on marital instability (Booth et al, 1987), attitudes toward marriage (Rozon and Bratton, 1998), and emotional maturity (Singh and Bhargava, 1974) to answer. Also, the age at the time of marriage and the amount of income were collected through interviews. Data were analyzed using t, correlation, and regression tests.
Conclusion: The results showed that pessimism in women and men, lack of emotional stability in women, and social adjustment in men affect the degree of marital instability. The results of this research can be used to formulate and implement educational and therapeutic programs to reduce couples' pessimism and increase women's emotional stability and men's social adjustment to reduce couples' marriage instability.
Arezou Delfan Beiranvand, Khosro Rashid, Aboulghasem Yaghobi, Rasool Kordnoghabi,
Volume 21, Issue 119 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background: The identification of factors that can explain the occurrence of moral behaviors by individuals has been studied by theorists in various studies. However, it is also important to consider why moral behaviors are not performed by people with moral identities and attitudes. Could other factors, such as benefit and cost, play a role as a consequence of moral behaviors in different situations?
Aims: In this regard, this study was conducted to investigate the predictors of adolescent moral behavior based on moral attitude, moral identity, benefit, and cost.
Methods: The design of this study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all adolescents in the academic year 2021-2022. The sample size consisted of 928 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling and completed the Moral Behavior Scale (Delfan Beiranvand & Rashid, 2022), Moral Identity (Aquino & Reed, 2002), Moral Attitude (Delfan Beiranvand & Rashid, 2022), and Benefit and Cost Scale (Delfan Beiranvand & Rashid, 2022). Data were analyzed using variance analysis and stepwise regression
Results: The results of this study indicated a positive significant relationship between variables of moral identity, moral attitude, situational benefit, and psychological benefit with moral behavior, and a negative significant relationship between situational cost and psychological cost with moral behavior. The results revealed that variables of situational benefit, moral attitude, situational cost, and moral identity were the most important predictors of moral behavior among adolescents, respectively, and these variables could predict 0.25% of the variance of moral behavior (R2= 0/255, R= 0/50).
Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be said that compared to moral identity and attitude, the degree of benefits and costs that is gained by performing moral behaviors in a situation can play a greater role in predicting moral behaviors. When moral behaviors are associated with more situational benefit and less situational cost, they are more likely to occur by individuals in the situations. The results of this study have significant implications for all organizations.
Zahra Zamani Froshani, Farideh Dokaneifard, Mojgan Niknam,
Volume 22, Issue 125 (8-2023)
Abstract
Background: The research indicates that dysfunctional attitudes and psychological distress are among the most important structures that can cause problems to people's health. In addition, the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on these structures in women has conflicting results, requiring more research in this field.
Aims: This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on women's psychological distress and dysfunctional attitudes.
Method: The current study was practical and semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The research's statistical population included all women referred to Khavaran Cultural Center in 2020. The research sample consisted of 30 women selected by the available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. They completed the Beck et al. dysfunctional attitudes questionnaire (1991) and Kessler et al. psychological distress questionnaire (2002) in two phases, pre-test and post-test, and received an acceptance and commitment-based therapy trial group (Wells and Sorrell, 2007). After collecting the data, the data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis using SPSSV19 software.
Results: The results showed a significant difference between the two experimental and control groups in the post-test stage (p<0.01), which indicates the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy in the variables of ineffective attitudes and psychological distress.
Conclusion: The women who participated in acceptance and commitment-based training obtained lower scores in ineffective attitudes and psychological distress in the post-test than before participating in the said program compared to the group that did not participate. This issue indicated the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based education in research variables.
Samira Entezari, Aliakbar Saif, Elham Forouzandeh,
Volume 22, Issue 125 (8-2023)
Abstract
Background: The research shows that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment has effectively reduced the stress and anxiety of women with emotional and sexual experiences of extramarital relationships. However, there is a research gap in applying this training to the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional components of the attitude toward extramarital behavior in the researched society.
Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of education based on the approach of acceptance and commitment to improving attitudes towards extramarital behavior.
Methods: This research was applied in terms of purpose and mixed type in terms of method. The statistical population included 476 women of Tehran in 2021. In the qualitative part, the sample size included 16 women who were invited for an interview in a targeted manner. In the quantitative part, the sample size was 30 qualified women randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight sessions of training based on acceptance and commitment. To analyze the qualitative content of the interviews, the open and axial coding method was used using Maxqda software, and in the quantitative part, covariance analysis was used using SPSS24 software.
Results: The results of the qualitative content analysis of factors affecting the formation of women's attitudes towards extramarital behavior in four elements: 1. Weakness of attitude and individual values; 2. Weakness in lifestyle and defects in marital well-being; 3. Problems related to family life before marriage; 4. The shortcomings of the educational-cultural-economic system were categorized. The results of the implementation of the teaching method based on the acceptance and commitment approach showed a significant level (P < 0.05), indicating the mentioned method's effectiveness.
Conclusion: The teaching method based on the approach of acceptance and commitment has led to the change and modification of the attitude of this group of women towards extramarital behavior. Therefore, using this research with more samples is suggested to other researchers.
Mitra Rezvani-Dehaghani, Gholamali Afrooz, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Vaez Mousavi,
Volume 22, Issue 126 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background: The psychological dimensions of success in young professional athletes need to be further investigated so that appropriate support can be provided in line with mental health and improving living and academic conditions.
Aims: The present study investigated the relationships among spiritual Happiness, academic achievement, creativity, and social attitudes with young professional athletes’ success by developing a model of mental health and sports achievements.
Methods: Descriptive-correlational study and a cross-sectional survey. For this purpose, 165 (89 male and 76 female) professional athletes aged between 15 and 18 were selected from the members of national teams and athletes. The research instruments included demographic sheets, informed consent forms, a General Health Questionnaire, Raudsepp's (1999) Creativity Scale, the social attitudes of Afrouz and Jordan (1976), the Spiritual Happiness Scale (SVS) of Chaprian and Afrouz (2016), Academic Achievement, and Sports Success Scale (SSS).
Results: The results of the path analysis and Sobel test run in the LISREL software revealed that spiritual happiness, creativity, mental health, and academic achievement were significantly related to the sporting success of young professional athletes, while there was no significant relationship between social attitudes and sports success. Likewise, Spiritual Happiness, creativity, and social attitudes were associated with the mental health of young professional athletes. However, there was no significant association between academic achievement and mental health. Furthermore, mental health significantly mediated the relationships of Spiritual and creativity with the sports success of young professional athletes. However, no similar contribution was observed concerning the components of academic achievement and social attitudes.
Conclusion: The results showed that the proposed structural model was desirably fit for sports success with mental health mediation.
Leila Alibolandi, Khosro Rashid, Abolghasem Yaghobi, Rasool Kordnoghabi,
Volume 22, Issue 130 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: Attitudes play an essential role not only in the academic field but also in the whole life of students and their activities, and they are one of the main factors in understanding individual and social behaviors and self-acceptance. Previous studies have shown that aesthetics can be considered as an effective method in improving students' attitudes in schools, However, there is a research gap regarding the effectiveness of aesthetic education based on learning experiences on the academic attitude of female students.
Aims: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of the aesthetic education package based on learning experiences on the academic attitude of female students.
Methods: The present research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all female students of the first secondary level of Hamadan city who were studying in the academic year of 2020-2021. The statistical sample of the research (40 people) was selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Aesthetics education intervention based on the theory of learning experiences (researcher-made) was implemented for 10 sessions of 45 minutes for the members of the experimental group, But the members of the control group did not receive any training. The data collection tool in this research was the academic attitude questionnaire (Seker, 2011). The data analysis in the present study was done using the one-variable analysis of variance test and using the SPSS-22 software.
Results: The data obtained from covariance analysis in this research showed that the teaching of aesthetics educational package based on learning experiences was significant on the academic attitude of female students (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The results obtained from the present study showed that aesthetic education made students show a positive academic attitude in learning, In other words, paying attention to students' emotions and feelings can improve their academic attitude.
Mahnoosh Izadi, Omid Moradi, Keyvan Kakabraei,
Volume 23, Issue 133 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background: Undoubtedly, sexual health education plays a pivotal role in fostering sound sexual development, mitigating adverse outcomes stemming from risky sexual behaviors, and establishing a robust basis for a healthy transition into adulthood.
Aims: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a sexual health training program concerning the enhancement of sexual knowledge and attitudes among women and men who are about to get married and are employed at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences during the initial months of 2023.
Methods: The research methodology employed a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The study encompassed individuals employed at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, specifically women and men on the verge of marriage. Through targeted sampling, 40 such individuals were selected to explore the components of sexual health and gauge the impact of the independent variable, with 10 couples assigned to the trained group and 10 couples to the control group. Both sets of participants completed the "Knowledge and Sexual Attitude Questionnaire" developed by Gospel in 2013 both before and after undergoing the sexual health training sessions, totaling 8 sessions, each lasting 40 minutes. Data analysis was conducted utilizing SPSS software version 26, employing covariance analysis to interpret the results.
Results: The findings indicated that the sexual health educational intervention had a noteworthy and significant impact on the sexual knowledge and attitudes of individuals on the brink of marriage (p< 0.001).
Conclusion: The study's outcomes suggest that the sexual health training intervention package influences the sexual knowledge and attitudes of individuals on the verge of marriage, leading to enhancements in both women's and men's levels of sexual knowledge and attitudes.
Nazli Cheloei, Farhad Jomehri, Reza Ghorban Jahromi,
Volume 23, Issue 139 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background: Acquiring sexual skills can play a significant role in individual and societal health. Low levels of sexual knowledge, incorrect attitudes in this area, and the absence of sexual skills can pave the way for risky behaviors. A review of the literature in this field reveals that sexual education has largely been neglected in Iran.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of sexual skills education on sexual health among adolescent girls enrolled in first-grade high schools in Tehran.
Methods: The current research design was semi-experimental, using a pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all 15-year-old female students of Fadak School in District 18 of Tehran in the academic year 2018-2019. According to Cohen's (1986) suggested method, 30 participants were selected conveniently and randomly assigned into two groups (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). Participants completed the Sexual Health (Manavipour et al., 2013). The data were analyzed using covariance analysis in SPSS version 26.
Results: Covariance analysis results showed a significant difference at the 0.01 level between the variables of sexual health in the experimental and control groups in both the pretest and posttest stages.
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained regarding the effectiveness of sexual skills education, psychologists and practitioners in this field are encouraged to incorporate sexual skills education alongside their intervention programs and prioritize student needs when designing sexual health education programs.
Farzaneh Golpira, Davood Kordestani, Koorosh Godarzi, Mohamad Asgari,
Volume 23, Issue 142 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Experts in the field of adolescents emphasize that instructional programs can play an effective role in improving the attitude towards the life of children and adolescents. Among these programs, we can mention the life skills' training and therapy of acceptance and commitment on attitude, but so far, no independent study has compared the effectiveness of these two approaches in improving students' attitude towards life; Therefore, considering the research gap in this field and the importance of the mentioned variables, research in this field seems necessary.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to comparing the effectiveness of two methods of life skills' training and a therapeutic approach based on commitment and acceptance on the attitude to the life of female's junior high schoolers.
Methods: The current research is semi-experimental and includes pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the research includes all female's junior high schooner’s in Karaj city whose number was about ten thousand. 60 people of them who had low scores in the attitude towards life questionnaire were selected and randomly replaced in two experimental groups and one control group (20 people each). One of the experimental groups was exposed to ten sessions (each session 90 minutes) of the life skills' training package (Mohammadkhani, 2015) and the second experimental group was exposed to 8 sessions (each session 90 minutes) of the therapeutic approach based on commitment and acceptance (Hayes, 2011). One week after the sessions, both study groups answered the Battista's (1973) life attitude index questionnaire again. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods (including multivariate covariance analysis and Benferroni's post hoc test) were used.
Results: The findings showed that the two methods of life skills' training and the approach based on commitment are effective on female students' attitude to life (P< 0.05). But there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of life skills' training with the group of acceptance and commitment on students' attitude to life (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of life skills' training programs and therapeutic approach based on commitment and acceptance, these approaches can be used to improve students' attitude to life in counseling centers, psychological institutions and educational centers, including schools.
