fa تجربه زیسته والدین از چالش‌های فرزندپروری پس از طلاق: یک مطالعه پدیدار شناختی تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:#a42898">زمینه:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">فرزندپروری یکی از تکالیف چالش‌برانگیز برای والدین پس از طلاق است که بر سلامت</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">&shy;روانی کودکان</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">&nbsp;تأثیر</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">می‌گذارد. بااین‌حال کمتر پژوهشی تجارب زیسته والدین از فرزندپروری پس از طلاق را با رویکرد پدیدارشناسی، بر اساس تأثیر ناآگاهی والدین و راهکارهای ناکارآمد والدین بررسی کرده‌اند</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:#a42898">هدف:</span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">هدف</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">پژوهش</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">حاضر</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">فهم تجربه زیسته والدین از چالش‌های فرزندپروری پس از طلاق</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">بود</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:#a42898">روش:</span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">این</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">مطالعه با رویکرد</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">کیفی</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">و</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">با</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">استفاده</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">از</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">روش</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">پدیدارشناسی</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">توصیفی</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">انجام</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">شد</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"> جامعه</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">هدف</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">شامل</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">والدینی بود</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">که</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">تجربه</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">فرزند پروری</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">پس</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">از</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">طلاق</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">را</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">در سال 1401 </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">داشتند.</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">مشارکت‌کنندگان</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">پژوهش،</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">16</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">نفر از والدین</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">بودند</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">که</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">با</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">استفاده</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">از</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">روش</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">نمونه‌گیری</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">هدفمند</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">با</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">حداکثر</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">تنوع،</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">از</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">میان</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">مراجعه‌کنندگان به </span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">مجتمع قضایی خانواده 1 تهران دعوت به مشارکت شدند و به‌وسیله مصاحبه نیمه&shy;ساختاریافته مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. داده‌ها با روش </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt">هفت مرحله‌ای کلایزی</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">با استفاده از نرم‌افزار </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">MAXQDA</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"> تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Zar""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:#a42898">یافته‌ها:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"> تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها به استخراج</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">7 مضمون اصلی و 46 زیر</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">مضمون منجر شد، مضمون‌های اصلی عبارت‌اند از</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt">:</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> ناسازگاری فرزندان پس از طلاق، مشکلات روانشناختی والدین، چالش‌های والدین با یکدیگر، چالش‌های والدین با فرزندان، ناآگاهی والدین از فرزندپروری پس از طلاق، تغییر ساختار خانواده پس از طلاق و راهکارهای ناکارآمد والدین.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="color:#a42898">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"> والدین فرزندپروری پس از طلاق را تکلیفی چالش‌برانگیز می‌دانند</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">.</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">ارتباط والدین با یکدیگر مشکلات روانشناختی والدین پس از طلاق و آگاهی آن‌ها به شیوه‌های فرزندپروری و استفاده از شیوه‌های کارآمد در فرزندپروری با توجه به تغییر ساختار خانواده می‌تواند بر سازگاری کودکان</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">&nbsp;تأثیر گذارد</span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">.</span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#a42898">Background:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Parenting is one of the most challenging tasks for parents post-divorce, which affects the mental health of children. However, few researchers have investigated parents&#39; lived experiences of parenting post-divorce with a phenomenological approach, based on the impact of parents&#39; ignorance and ineffective strategies of parents.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#a42898">Aims:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The present study aimed to understand the parents&#39; lived experience of the challenges of Parenting post divorce.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#a42898">Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> This study employed a qualitative research approach, specifically utilizing the descriptive phenomenology method. The target population for this investigation comprised parents who underwent post-divorce parenting experiences in 2022. A total of 16 individuals actively engaged in parenting following divorce were selected as research participants. These participants were recruited through purposeful sampling, ensuring maximum diversity, and were drawn from individuals referred to Family Court Complex 1 in Tehran. The data collection method employed semi-structured interviews to glean insights from the participants. Subsequently, data analysis was conducted using the Colaizzi method, comprising seven distinct stages, facilitated by MAXQDA.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#a42898">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The analysis of the data resulted in the identification of 7 main themes and 46 sub-themes. These main themes encompass crucial aspects of the post-divorce parenting experience, namely: children&#39;s difficulties in adapting after divorce, parental psychological challenges, inter-parental conflicts, parental challenges in relating to their children, parental unfamiliarity with post-divorce parenting, and alterations in family structure following divorce, and the adoption of maladaptive parenting strategies by parents.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#a42898">Conclusion:</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Parents acknowledge that parenting after divorce poses significant challenges. The inter-parental relationship, the psychological well-being of parents post-divorce, their familiarity with effective parenting techniques, and the utilization of efficient parenting approaches in the context of changing family dynamics can profoundly influence children&#39;s adaptation to new circumstances.</span></span></span></div> طلاق, چالش‌های فرزندپروری, والدین divorce, parenting challenges, parents 189 208 http://psychologicalscience.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-326-5&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Roya Hamidi رویا حمیدی Roya.hamid50@gmail.com 100319475328460033537 100319475328460033537 No Ph.D Candidate in Counseling, Khomeyn Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeyn, Iran دانشجوی دکتری مشاوره، واحد خمین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خمین، ایران. Sedigheh Ahmadi صدیقه احمدی sedahmadi1390@gmail.com 0383770361 100319475328460033538 Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran استادیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. Hassan Heydari حسن حیدری heidarihassan@yahoo.co 5660108555 100319475328460033539 No Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Khomeyn Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeyn, Iran. دانشیار، گروه مشاوره، واحد خمین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خمین، ایران.