Background: Given the changes in DSM and the consideration of dimensional variation, instead of category approach, the question arises as to whether transdiagnostic therapy is effective in the treatment of OCD? Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transdiagnostic treatment on ambiguity tolerance, executive functions (accuracy and time) and memory in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Method: 40 patients were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to 2 groups of 20 subjects (transdiagnostic treatment group and control group). The tools used in the present study were: Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsory Inventory )Goodman, Price et al. 1989(, McLean ambiguity tolerance scale)McLain 2009), and Letter–Number Sequencing(Wechsler,1987) and Stroop test )Stroop,1935). Results: The results showed that transdiagnostic treatment significantly improved ambiguity tolerance, cognitive emotion regulation, executive functions (accuracy and time) and memory in patients with OCD (p<0/001). Conclusion: transdiagnostic approach in treatment by considering the dimensional approach and targeting of diagnostic structures can be effective in improving the symptoms of OCD.

Background: Research has shown there is a relationship between the Theory of mind and cognitive processes, which can affect character and personality traits. But could the theory of mind explain social judgement and personality traits? Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of personality traits in the relationship between theory of mind and social judgment. Method: The research method was correlated with the structural model approach. The statistical population of this study consisted of all students of Shiraz Postgraduate Students, from which 400 students were selected by multistage cluster random sampling and were asked to complete the Theory of Mind (Baron-Cohen, 2001), Five Big Factors of Personality (Goldberg, 1999), The Social Judgment Questionnaire (Shang Peir, 2007) was answered. Data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The results showed that the effect of theory of mind on the characteristics of agreeableness, empiricism, extraversion and responsibility was positive and significant (p=0/001) and on neuroticism was negative and significant p=0/002. In addition, the theory of the mind predicted social judgment directly and indirectly through the mediation of responsibility (P≤0/005). Conclusions: Increasing the theory of mind in students through accountability enhances their social judgment.

Background: Numerous studies have predicted emotional divorce and the study of coping styles, quality of life, excitement, and resilience. But there is research on predicting emotional divorce based on emotional literacy, coping styles, quality of life, and excitement through the mediation of resilience. Aims: Predicting emotional divorce was based on emotional literacy, coping styles, quality of life, and emotion-seeking mediation. Method: The study was correlational with structural model approach. The statistical population consisted of married women working in public elementary schools in Tehran in 1997-98. 250 persons were selected by multistage random sampling method. The instruments are: Gutman's Emotional Divorce Questionnaire (2008), Varoshrion's Quality of Life (1992), Lazarus-Folkman Coping Styles (1985), Zuckerman's Emotion-seeking (1964), Psychological Functions of the Iranian Chemical Family (2009), and Conner and Davidson Resilience. (2003). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test, path analysis, and bootstrapping. Results: Quality of life and emotional literacy directly and negatively, emotional coping style and emotion-seeking directly and positively influenced emotional divorce (p≥ 0/05). Conclusions: Emotional divorce can be predicted based on resiliency.

Background: Numerous studies have examined the effectiveness of compassionate education on the conscious mind and the study of pleasure-seeking, historical memory, and sleep quality in depressed individuals. But there is a research gap about the impact of self-awareness training on self-awareness, pleasure-seeking, recollective memory, and the quality of sleep of depressed students. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of self-conscious compassion training on the enjoyment, self-esteem and sleep quality of depressed students. Method: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students who were studying in Lahijan Azad University during the years 2018-2019. 36 depressed students were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (18 for each group). Were replaced. Research tools include the Pleasure Questionnaire (Hamilton, 1995), Memory of the Self (Williams & Broadbent, 1986), and Sleep Quality (Boyce et al., 1988). Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: Self-conscious compassion training had a significant effect on enjoyment, self-remembering and sleep quality (p< 0/001). Conclusions: Self-conscious compassion training program improved enjoyment, memory and sleep quality in students with depressive symptoms

Background: Subjective vitality is defined as having adequate physical and mental energy. People with higher emotional intelligence, are happier, livelier, and more functional. But the main question of the present study is whether the self-compassion plays a mediating role in this regard? Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and subjective vitality with mediation of self-compassion among undergraduate students of Shiraz University. Method: This research was a correlational study. From the statistical population of undergraduate students of Shiraz University in academic year 1397-98, 298 students (149 women and 149 men) were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method, and they completed three questionnaires of subjective vitality (Ryan & Frederick, 1997), self-compassion (Neff, 2003), and emotional intelligence (Petridse & Furnham, 2001). Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling method. Results: Research model had a proper fitness with the research data, and emotional intelligence had a direct effect on students' self-compassion ( =β0/41, p˂ 0/05), and subjective vitality ( =β0/29, p˂ 0/01). The indirect effect of emotional intelligence on students' subjective vitality was also statistically significant through mediation of self-compassion (=β 0/21, p˂ 0/01). Thus, it can be said that emotional intelligence can affect students' subjective vitality both directly and indirectly through mediation of self-compassion. Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that promoting emotional intelligence can enhance students' self-compassion and as a result, provided their subjective vitality.

 
Background: Adolescents spend most of their daytime in school. Thus, schools can likely influence adolescents’ basic psychological needs and their behaviors related to need satisfaction. Researchs has confirmed the effectiveness of basic psychological needs on the promotion of well-being, but the question of this research is whether the strategies of cognitive emotion regulation can affect the relationship between basic psychological needs in school and emotional well-being?
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological basic needs satisfaction at school and students’ emotional well-being with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Method: This study was a correlational study. The statistical population of this study included all second grade high school students from Shiraz city in the academic year 1397-98. Participants were 487 students (252 girls and 235 boys) selected through the random cluster sampling method. They completed adolescent students’ basic psychological needs at school scale (Tian et al., 2014), emotional well-being scale (Keyes & Magyar-Moe, 2003), and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraiij, 2006). Results: The findings using structural equation modeling showed that satisfaction of need for competence and need for relatedness could positively, and the need for autonomy could negatively and statistically significant predict cognitive emotion regulation, and cognitive emotion regulation was a significant predictor of emotional well-being. Moreover, the mediation role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between psychological basic needs satisfaction at school and students’ emotional well-being was confirmed. Conclusions: According to the research findings, it can be concluded that satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of students at school and use of adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies can improve their emotional well-being.

Background: Divorce tendency resulting from marital conflicts, which lead to less marital satisfaction and marital adjustment can be decreased by therapy approaches including Gottman’s couple therapy.
Aims: The present study aims at investigating the effectiveness of Gottman’s couple therapy on marital satisfaction and marital adjustment in married women seeking divorce.
Methods: Quasi-experimental design involving pre-test, post-test, and a control group was used to addres the purpose of the present study. All the women referring to three counselling centers in Isfahan in 2019 comprised the research population out of which 30 married women seeking divorce were selected as the research sample through convenievnce sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Data were collected using couple satisfaction index (Funk & Rogge, 2007) and dyadic adjustment scale (Spanier, 1976). The experimental group women were trained for 10 ninety-minute sessions. Both groups responded to the questionaries at pretest-posttest stages. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (ANCOVA) were used to analyze data .
Results: It was revealed that Gottman’s couple therapy would increase couples’ satisfaction and improve marital adjustment and, in turn, the subscales of marital adjustment, i.e., satisfaction, attachment, agreement, and affection in women seeking divorce (P <0.001).
Conclusion: Gottman’s couple therapy along with the seven research-based principles for a successful marriage proved to be an effective and efficient method to increase marital satisfaction and marital adjustment and could be used by therapists in family interventions to improve marital relationships.

Background: Many studies emphasize the impact of child-parenting relationships and family interactions on future compromises, including commitment after marriage. Meanwhile, the development of the concept of self-differentiation within the family, which means emotional regulation and anxiety management, can affect the relationship between spouses. However, the relationship between these variables in a structural model has not been studied in research.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to develop a structural model of the quality of the main family and the tendency to infidelity the through the mediation of self-differentiation.
Methods: This was a correlational study and the statistical population of the study included all married people in Tehran city at 1999 year. The sample consisted of 349 people who were selected by random sampling method. Research instruments included the Stout et al.'s Family Quality Scale (1985), the Scorne and Friedlander Self-Differentiation Scale (1989), and the Mark Watley (2006) Infidelity Scale, which were completed by participants. Also, in order to investigate the relationships between variables, the method of structural equations, correlation test between variables and bootstrap test were used.
Results: Evaluation of the hypothetical model of the research showed that the hypothetical model fits with the measurement model (CFI = 0.98, IFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.056). Also, the quality of the main family is not directly related to the tendency to breach of contract (0.03) and indirectly affects tendency to infidelity through self-differentiation (0.20). In other words, self-differentiation plays a mediating role in the relationship between the quality of the main family and tendency to infidelity (-0.24).
Conclusion: Poor family quality, which leads to low levels of differentiation in individuals, is likely to lead to tendency to infidelity in the next life with the spouse. More research is needed to improve the quality of parenting relationships.

Background: Adolescence is a sensitive period of dynamic changes in many systems, which, according to research, is important for dissatisfaction with body image, in the sense of a person's mental perception of the development of his body image. Investing too much on physical appearance, which is associated with mental preoccupation and emotional fluctuations, is one of the reasons for teenage girls' dissatisfaction with body image. Studies show the role of family cohesion, stress and quality of life in a person's body image, and there is a research gap in examining the body image of people who have more self-compassion.
Aims: This research was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between family cohesion, stress and quality of life with body image satisfaction in adolescent girls.
Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive correlation of structural equations type. The statistical population of the research included female students aged 12 to 24 years in Tehran in 1400, 250 of them were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method, and after dropping 50 people from the sample group, the data of 200 of them were analyzed. The data collection tools included five questionnaires: Family cohesion questionnaire (Samani, 2002), Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (Byrne & Mazanov, 2002), Quality of Life Questionnaire (World Health Organization, 1996), Body Image Concern Inventory (Littleton et al. 2005) and Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003). The analysis of the data collected using SPSS statistical software version 26 and Amos software version 24 is presented in two parts: descriptive findings and model analysis findings.
Results: The obtained findings indicate that the model of body image satisfaction based on quality of life, family cohesion and stress with the mediating role of self-compassion in teenage girls has a good fit (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings obtained in the present study, it seems that self-compassion plays a mediating role in the relationship between family cohesion, stress, and quality of life with satisfaction with body image in teenage girls. The results of this research can be a guide for families and school counselors in order to promote self-compassion, family cohesion, quality of life and reduce stress in teenage girls and improve body image satisfaction.

Background: Corona deaths, by causing widespread disturbances, shook the foundations of many families. When the lost person is one of the spouses, this situation becomes more critical. However, in the literature, there is limited research on the lived experience and long-term grief of bereaved spouses due to the death of Corona. Few kinds of research have been done considering the reasons for the prolonged bereavement of spouses, and it is necessary to carry out representative research in this field.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prolonged grief of spouses because of deaths caused by COVID-19.
Methods: The approach used in this research was qualitative and contextual. 17 individuals who experienced the death of their spouse due to Corona disease (Covid-19) in 2020 were selected by theoretical sampling method. Then, the researchers used a semi-structured interview to collect data. The data were analyzed using the Strauss and Corbin method.
Results: After analyzing the data, four major categories (factors related to the transition through death, factors associated with grief and mourning, supporting factors, and factors related to the relationship status with the deceased spouse) and 12 primary categories (negative emotion regulation strategies, uncertainty about the future, feeling of guilt, the inability to overcome anger, perception of the uniqueness of the grief experience, lack of acceptance of the loss, negative facts associated with the loss, issues in holding ceremonies, feeling of abandonment, rapid change of roles in the family, lack of attachment, and touch deprivation) were found. Then, they were categorized in the loss-oriented coping method dimension.
Conclusion: The results revealed that the main reason for the complication of grief is the loss-oriented coping method, which avoids situations of grief and complicates the whole process. Support services provided can be a great help to people who are experiencing it.

Background: One of the family factors that psychologists attach importance to in the formation of adolescent behavioral problems is the conflict between parents and adolescents, which can provide a platform for adolescents' social anxiety. On the other hand, studies have shown that people with social anxiety have problems in regulating their emotions. Therefore, considering the importance of adolescence and the destructive role of social anxiety, it seems necessary to investigate the relationship between these two variables with the mediation of emotional regulation.
Aims: The present study was conducted with the aim of modeling the structural equations of the relationship between parent/child conflict and social anxiety in adolescents with the mediation of emotional regulation.
Methods: The correlational descriptive research was of the structural equation modeling type. The statistical population included all teenagers, boys and girls, in the age range of 14 to 17 years living in Tehran. Sampling was done by random cluster method. Among each of the North, South, Center, West and East regions of Tehran, education and training areas 1, 19, 13, 5, 8 were randomly selected. One high school from each region and 3 classes from each high school were randomly selected. The statistical sample was 449 people. To collect data, adolescent social anxiety scales (Paklek, 2004), parent-child conflict (Mark et al., 1983) and emotion regulation questionnaire (Gross and John, 2003) were used. Data analysis was done using structural equation test and were analyzed using AMOS 26.0 software.
Results: The findings showed that the structural model of the relationship between parent/child conflict and social anxiety in adolescents with the mediation of emotional regulation fits the data. Also, the path coefficient between the emotion regulation suppression strategy (β= 0.441, P= 0.001) with positive social anxiety and the path coefficient between the emotion regulation reappraisal strategy (β= 0.395, P= 0.001) with anxiety It was socially negative and significant. The total path coefficient between parent/child conflict and social anxiety (p= 0.001, β= 0.449) was also positive and significant. Based on the obtained results, reducing the parent/child conflict both directly and indirectly with the effect of emotion regulation have an effective role in reducing the social anxiety of adolescents.
Conclusion: The results showed that the child's conflict with the parents, with its negative emotional effects, is able to provide the basis for anxiety and mental disturbances. Therefore, in order to reduce the social anxiety of teenagers, it is suggested that schools take steps to improve their communication skills by holding training courses for parents and students.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder is the most common psychological problem after disasters and accidents. Religious themes indicate that people call upon God when faced with threatening situations. Psychopathological research has also shown that shocking and threatening events may cause symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in some susceptible people. Also, researches have shown that the characteristic of neuroticism can aggravate suffering from post-traumatic stress.
Aims: This study aims to investigate the structural relationships of neuroticism and conscientiousness in earthquake victims with post-traumatic stress experience with the mediating role of religious beliefs.
Methods: This research was applied, descriptive-survey and correlational with structural equation model. The statistical population included the survivors of the Azgole earthquake in Kermanshah in 1396, who were considered as the statistical population in 1401. The sample size was estimated to be 384 people using the table of Morgan and Krejci, who completed the post-traumatic stress scale of Wedders et al. (1993), the scale of religious beliefs of Allport (1967) and personality traits of McCree and Costa (2021). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the distribution of the variables, and the Pearson correlation test was used to check the correlation between the variables. Hypotheses testing was analyzed using Imus 24 software.
Results: The results of the research indicated that religious beliefs play a mediating role in the relationship between neuroticism and post-traumatic stress. Also, the results showed that religious beliefs significantly moderate the relationship between conscientiousness and post-traumatic stress.
Conclusion: According to the results of the current research on the mediating role of religious beliefs in the relationship between personality and post-traumatic stress in people affected by earthquakes, it is suggested that therapists design their therapeutic interventions with an emphasis on religious resources and beliefs and in training, capacities and resources Ritual positivity of people should be taken into consideration by mental health guardians.