Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is one of the most common and debilitating psychological disorders. Numerous studies have examined the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapies and third generation on the improvement of obsessive-compulsive disorder, But the main issue is that if new therapies such as imagery Rescripting and reprocessing therapy affect women's obsessive-compulsive disorder? Aims: This study was implemented to study the effectiveness of imagery Rescripting and reprocessing therapy on cognitive abilities, distress tolerance and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in women. Method: The present study is a quasi-experimental. The quasi-experimental design of the present study was pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all women aged 20 to 45 years in Kermanshah in 1397. The research sample was 40 women aged 20 to 45 years in Kermanshah who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Structured clinical interview, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Goodman et al., 1986), Nejati cognitive ability questionnaire (2013) and Simmons et al. (2005) Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) were used to collect data. The experimental group received 12 sessions of 90 minutes imagery Rescripting and reprocessing therapy (IRRT) based on the approach of O’Shea and Moran (2019) once a week and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using mixed variance analysis with repeated measuring. Results: The results of mixed variance analysis with repeated measuring showed that imagery rescripting and reprocessing therapy (IRRT) is effective in reducing cognitive problems and the symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder and increasing distress tolerance (P≤0/001). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study and considering that the pattern of imagery Rescripting and reprocessing therapy Focuses on images, feeling, disturbing memories, and cognitive reconstruction, it can be considered as an effective intervention along with other therapeutic interventions for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder Practically used.