Bio-psycho-social phenomenon of drug abuse is one of the most critical issues facing modern countries that many psychological variables can affect its severity. These variables can affect the duration and severity of substance abuse and can have some roles on these patients' recovery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of emotion-based intelligence training on craving reduction in patients treated with methadone. The research method was quasi experimental with pretest-posttest control group. 40 patients with drug use randomly were selected and matched into two experimental and control groups. The instrument included Tiffany craving questionnaire. Emotion-based intelligence training program was administered in twelve 90-minutes sessions for the experimental group. At the end of the study, the two groups completed the questionnaire as post-test. Data was analyzed using analysis of covariance. Analysis of variance represented the effect of intervention in reducing the craving (p<0.05) in patients of experimental group compared to those in control group. The results showed that emotion-based intelligence training has been able to help patients with substance abuse in dealing with situations that cause craving by raising emotion-based intelligence in them.

Background: Addiction is a disorder related to the nervous system which causes dysfunction and changes in brain system and reward pathway. Transcranial direct current stimulation and mindfulness are the methods that recruited for managing craving in people with SUD. The efficacy of either of these methods with respect to their special characteristics had been shown separately but is the combination of these two methodes effective, too? Although some studies suggested that combination of Mindfulness training and tDCS is effective in non clinical population, but it is still unclear that this method can or can not be effective in clinical populatuin. Aims: Evaluating effect of combination of mindfulness and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on craving in people with substance abuse disorder. Method: current study is a Quasi-experimental research whithout control group and with pre and post evaluation. Ten people with substance abuse disorder were chosen through convenience sampling.They received 5 sessions of mindfulness training combined with transcranial direct current stimulation. Before and after intervention, craving was assessed via Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: Our findings have shown that combination of mindfulness training and brain stimulation resulted in significant decrease in scores of craving (p<0/001). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the combination of tDCS and Mindfulness can reduce craving in people with substance abuse disorder. 

Background: Addiction and substance abuse is one of the most significant psychological and social impairments that can easily undermine the foundation of a country's individual, family, and cultural life. Studies have shown the effectiveness of cognitive emotion regulation on a variety of variables. But the question is, can cognitive emotion regulation affect drug craving and marital distress in married men with Stimulants use disorder? Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cog native emotion regulation skills training in reducing substance abuse craving and marital distress in men with stimulant disorder. Method: This research was carried out based on a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design.the statistical population consisted of all married men with disruptive drug abuse disorder referring to family counseling centers in Rasht.Asammple of 30 were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned tocontrol and experimental groups. method to determine entry and exit rates. After the end of treatment sessions craving tests and Marital disturbance were used to collect information. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis) P<0/05). Results: The results showed that training cognitive emotion regulation skills significantly reduced craving and Marital disturbance. Conclusions: According to the finding of this study, emotional regulation cognitive skills can be a suitable therapeutic approach to reducing the craving and Marital disturbance in addicts to stimulants. 

Background: Studies have shown that low self-efficacy and poor beliefs in abilities in stressful situations are two causes of substance abuse and relapse of addictive behaviors.
Aims: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy on self-efficacy and Craving for Change in Addicts.
Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group and a 2-month follow-up period. The target group of this study includs all male addicts who are involved in the material 16 of Gilan province, 45 people It was estimated and selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Group intervention based on acceptance and commitment therapy (Peterson, Eifert, Feingold & Davidson, 2012) and schema therapy (Young, Klosko & Weishaar, 2003) were performed in 8 1-hour sessions in the experimental group. The research instruments included Scherer and Maddox (1982) self-efficacy questionnaires and Miller and Tunigan (1996) Readiness for Change and Enthusiasm Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using mixed analysis of variance.
Results: The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy had a highly significant effect on increasing self-efficacy with two-month follow-up (P <0.001). Also, acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy on the Craving to change with Two-month follow-up (P <0.001) had a highly significant effect, but there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy and schema therapy on self-efficacy and craving for change in patients undergoing treatment.
Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy, and schema therapy increased self-efficacy and the craving for change in addicts, and were able to move forward the addicted individuals from the stage of determination and readiness to the stage of action and retention.

Background: Methamphetamine abuse has caused problems in the prevention and treatment program due to its destructive effects on the brain and intense temptation with significant psychiatric symptoms. Lack of emotion regulation skills along with dysfunctional cognitive beliefs increases the desire to use methamphetamine. Emotion regulation in methamphetamine abusers has been studied in previous studies, but the study that examines the craving beliefs of drug use based on negative psychological symptoms with the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty in the researched population. Slow, not found.
Aims: This study was conducted with the aim of modeling the prediction of craving beliefs of methamphetamine use based on negative psychological symptoms with the mediating role of difficulty regulating excitement in men abusing methamphetamine.
Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlation, structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study included all male methamphetamine users aged 20 to 45 living in addiction treatment centers affiliated to the Isfahan Welfare organization in 1401-1400, and the sample included 262 people who were selected by available sampling method. The data collection tools included three questionnaires: Craving believes questionnaire (Beck and Clark, 1993), Stress, Anxiety, Depression Scale (Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995), Diffiiculties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz and Romer, 2004) and for analysis The data were also used from structural equation modeling test and path analysis to check the fit of the presented model with the obtained data and SMARTPLS-3 software.
Results: The findings of this research showed the causal model of drug craving beliefs based on negative psychological symptoms has a good fit with the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty in methamphetamine users living in addiction treatment centers in Isfahan Province. (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings obtained in the current research that the weak emotional self-regulation of people in the long term causes their ineffectiveness in controlling addiction withdrawal and this eventually causes the influence of tempting beliefs on the continuation of drug abuse, therefore it is suggested to reduce the craving beliefs of drug use, used training methods to improve emotion regulation.

Background: Although cognitive bias modification intervention and cognitive-behavioral therapy are two effective methods for reducing food cravings in obese people, to date, no randomized controlled trials compare the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive-behavioral intervention and cognitive bias modification on food cravings in people requesting small gastric bypass surgery.
Aims: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a cognitive bias modification compared to internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for food cravings.
Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a series of pretest-posttest designs with a control group and a follow-up of 2 months. The statistical population consisted of people who wanted gastric sleeve surgery in 2023, were 18 months post-surgery, and lived in Isfahan. From this group, 45 participants were chosen at random into three groups: Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive bias modification, and control (15 participants per group) using purposive sampling. Over six weeks, participants in the intervention groups attended 42 sessions, while the control group did not receive any therapeutic intervention. Participants were assessed using the Food Craving Questionnaire (Cepeda-Benito et al., 2000) before and after the intervention sessions and two months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS.24 software and mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures.
Results: The findings showed that both cognitive bias modification (CBM) and internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) could have a positive impact on reducing food cravings and its components (p< 0.05). In addition, cognitive bias modification demonstrated significantly higher effectiveness than internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in the components of lack of control, preoccupation with food, emotional craving, feeling of guilt, and total food craving (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of cognitive bias moderation training and cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing food cravings, it is suggested that these interventions be used along with other evidence-based pharmacological and therapeutic interventions as psychological intervention to change their beliefs and attitudes toward cravings.

Background: Most studies in the field of addiction have focused on indicators affecting addiction, and a few studies have focused on the effect of social factors on drug relapse. Therefore, due to the multidimensional nature of the tendency to drug use, the study of drug reorientation through biological, social, cultural, and psychological factors is a basic necessity.
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the social factors affecting the reduction of drug addicts' relapse.
Methods: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all young people in the age range of 15 to 30 years old in Izeh city in 2024, which according to the report of the Drug Control Organization of Izeh city, is 3200 people. The sample consisted of 345 young drug users who were referred to addiction treatment camps in Izeh City and were selected by convenience sampling. To collect the research data, the researcher-made social learning, social support, and social participation questionnaires and the craving of Salehi Fadardi et al. (2010) were collected. To analyze the research data, SPSS.26 software was used using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression using simultaneous method.
Results: The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between social learning, social support, and social participation with craving (P< 0.05). The results of multivariate regression showed that social support (35%), social participation (62%), and social learning (13%) explained the variance of drug relapse temptation in young people, respectively.
Conclusion: The results show that people who are more likely to reuse drugs have lower levels of support, participation, and social learning. Therefore, it is recommended to pay attention to these variables and develop educational programs based on these variables to reduce drug reuse in users.