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Shokoohi-Yekta M, Akbari Zardkhaneh S, Sohrabpour G. (2017). Enhancement of hardiness and psychological well-being in a sample of bus drivers: a primary efficacy study. Journal of Psychological Science. 16(63), 323-337.
URL: http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-137-en.html

There are a direct correlation among psychological hardiness, mental health and psychological well-being. It is an internal resistance source that reduce the negative stresses and prevent outbreak of Physical and mental disorders. Also, psychological well-being is associated directly with better health, the increase of job satisfaction and the decrease of absence from work. The aim of this study was to promote psychological hardiness and psychological well-being of bus drivers in the city of Tehran. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. In order to carry out this research, 204 bus drivers of the buses company in Tehran who were introduced by this company to participate in a training course, were selected according to the convenience sampling procedure, and were then randomly assigned to ten groups who received the trainings of anger and driving management, effective communication, and stress management. The instruments were Mental Health Inventory- 28 and Hardiness Inventory. In order to collect the data, the participants were asked to answer the questionnaires during pre and post-test stages. The data were analysed  by multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures design and dependent t-test. The results of two subscales of mental health showed significant differences between the means of pretest and posttest scores (P<0.003, F=6.22). It means that the training course has been effective in the area of psychological distress more than psychological well-being. In other words, this training course could reduce psychological distress more than enhancing psychological well-being. Another finding of t-test procedure regarding psychological hardiness scale showed that the means of pretest and posttest scores were not significantly different (P>0.005, t= -1.48). In other words, the training course could not be effective on the promotion of psychological hardiness.