Enter your email address
Submit
Write your message
Volume 23, Issue 140 (10-2024)
Journal of Psychological Science 2024, 23(140): 85-69 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Yarollahi N, Imani M, Taghavi M R, Sarafraz M R. (2024). Psychometric properties of the persian version of the moral orientation guilt scale in the general population. Journal of Psychological Science. 23(140), 85-69. doi:10.61186/jps.23.140.85
URL: http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-2319-en.html
URL: http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-2319-en.html
Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran , dr.mahdiimani@gmail.com
Abstract: (634 Views)
Background: Guilt emerges from a perceived difference between people's behavior and their internalized moral principles. Due to the multidimensionality of ethics, guilt can also appear in different ways. Despite this, there is no valid tool in Iran to measure people's tendency to experience different types of guilt.
Aims: The present study investigated the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Moral Orientation Guilt Scale (MOGS) in Iranian society.
Methods: This study constituted an applied research endeavor that employed a survey approach for data collection. The research statistical population included all Iranian adults who actively engaged in social networks including Instagram, WhatsApp, Telegram, and Eitaa, from April to May 2023. A total of 662 participants were recruited through the available sampling procedure and completed research tools, including the MOGS (Mancini et al., 2022), guilt and shame proneness scale (Cohen et al., 2011), moral disgust scale (Tybur et al., 2009), and callous-unemotional traits (Frick, 2004) through an online survey. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest coefficient via SPSS and AMOS software.
Results: Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 4-factor structure of the questionnaire and showed that the model fit appropriately. The Pearson correlation coefficient between MOGS factors and other research questionnaires was positive or negative, depending on the type of scale, and significant (p< 0.01), which indicated the convergent validity of the scale. Also, the scale's internal consistency was calculated in the range of 0.65-0.84, and the test-retest coefficient of the factors (with a 2-week interval) was between 0.72–0.82, which showed that the scale has good reliability.
Conclusion: According to the findings, researchers can use this scale as a brief and reliable tool to evaluate people's tendency to experience different types of guilt in Iranian society.
Aims: The present study investigated the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Moral Orientation Guilt Scale (MOGS) in Iranian society.
Methods: This study constituted an applied research endeavor that employed a survey approach for data collection. The research statistical population included all Iranian adults who actively engaged in social networks including Instagram, WhatsApp, Telegram, and Eitaa, from April to May 2023. A total of 662 participants were recruited through the available sampling procedure and completed research tools, including the MOGS (Mancini et al., 2022), guilt and shame proneness scale (Cohen et al., 2011), moral disgust scale (Tybur et al., 2009), and callous-unemotional traits (Frick, 2004) through an online survey. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest coefficient via SPSS and AMOS software.
Results: Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 4-factor structure of the questionnaire and showed that the model fit appropriately. The Pearson correlation coefficient between MOGS factors and other research questionnaires was positive or negative, depending on the type of scale, and significant (p< 0.01), which indicated the convergent validity of the scale. Also, the scale's internal consistency was calculated in the range of 0.65-0.84, and the test-retest coefficient of the factors (with a 2-week interval) was between 0.72–0.82, which showed that the scale has good reliability.
Conclusion: According to the findings, researchers can use this scale as a brief and reliable tool to evaluate people's tendency to experience different types of guilt in Iranian society.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/01/13 | Accepted: 2024/09/22 | Published: 2024/08/27
Received: 2024/01/13 | Accepted: 2024/09/22 | Published: 2024/08/27
References
1. احمدی، عزت‌اله و قربانی، فاطمه. (1400). هنجاریابی و بررسی ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی پرسشنامه صفات بی‌عاطفه و عاری از احساس. روانشناسی بالینی و شخصیت، 19(2)، 171-161.
2. https://dx.doi.org/10.22070/cpap.2021.7107.0
3. برزگری احمد آباد، لیلا؛ عیسی زادگان، علی؛ سلیمانی، اسماعیل و مرادی، افسانه. (۱۴۰۲). اثربخشی درمان تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فراجمجمه‌ای مغز بر عاطفه خودآگاه شرم و گناه و حساسیت انزجاری نوجوانان مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-جبری: یک مطالعه تک آزمودنی. مجله علوم روانشناختی، ۲۲ (۱۲۲)، ۳۷۶-۳۶۱.
5. جوکار، بهرام و کمالی، فاطمه. (1394). بررسی رابطه معنویت و احساس شرم و گناه. فرهنگ در دانشگاه اسلامی، 5 (1 (پیاپی 14))، 3-21.
6. https://sid.ir/paper/236912/fa
7. دلفان‌بیرانوند، آرزو؛ رشید، خسرو؛ یعقوبی، ابوالقاسم و کردنوقابی، رسول. (۱۴۰۱). پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌های رفتار اخلاقی نوجوانان بر اساس نگرش اخلاقی، هویت اخلاقی، سود و زیان. مجله علوم روانشناختی، ۲۱ (۱۱۹)، ۲۱۶۴-۲۱۴۵.
9. مرادی‌مطلق، مونا. (1398). طراحی و اعتباریابی مدل ساختاری رابطه چندش و ترس از آلودگی با نقش میانجی تحریف‌های شناختی خرافه‌های همانندپنداری و استدلال هیجانی و نقش تعدیل‌کننده آسیب‌پذیری ادراک‌شده به بیماری مسری، در دو نمونه غیربالینی و بالینی (بیماران مبتلا به وسواس). دانشگاه شاهد تهران. پایان‌نامه دکتری.
10. https://ganj.irandoc.ac.ir/viewer/79016f426cce647f8165f4812028e97f
11. هاشمی گلپایگانی، فاطمه؛ حسینیان، سیمین؛ رضائیان، حمید؛ پورشهریاری، مه‌سیما و رسولی، رویا. (۱۴۰۱). ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی مقیاس تجربه شرم و احساس گناه در نوجوانان شهر تهران. مجله علوم روانشناختی، ۲۱ (۱۰۹)، ۷۰-۵۳.
12. Ahmadi, E., & Gorbani, F. (2022). Standardization and Study of the Psychometric Properties of Callous-Unemotional Traits Questionnaire. Clinical Psychology and Personality, 19(2), 161-171. )In Persian) https://dx.doi.org/10.22070/cpap.2021.7107.0 [DOI:10.52547/JPS.21.109.53]
13. Albertsen, E. J., O'Connor, L. E., & Berry, J. W. (2006). Religion and interpersonal guilt: Variations across ethnicity and spirituality. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 9(1), 67-84. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/13694670500040484 [DOI:10.1080/13694670500040484]
14. Barzegary Ahmadabad, L., Issazadegan, A., soleimani E., & Moradi, A. (2023). The effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation on the self-conscious affections of shame and guilt and the disgust sensitivity of adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A single case study. Journal of Psychological Science. 22(122), 361-376. (In Persian) [DOI:10.52547/JPS.22.122.211]
15. Basile, B., Mancini, F., Macaluso, E., Caltagirone, C., Frackowiak, R. S., & Bozzali, M. (2011). Deontological and altruistic guilt: evidence for distinct neurobiological substrates. Human brain mapping, 32(2), 229-239. [DOI:10.1002/hbm.21009] [PMID] []
16. Baumeister, R. F., Stillwell, A. M., & Heatherton, T. F. (1994). Guilt: an interpersonal approach. Psychological bulletin, 115(2), 243. [DOI:10.1037/0033-2909.115.2.243] [PMID]
17. Brislin, R. W. (1986). The wording and translation of research instruments. In W. J. Lonner & J. W. Berry (Eds.), Field methods in cross-cultural research (pp. 137-164). Sage Publications, Inc. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1987-97046-005
18. Carnì, S., Petrocchi, N., Del Miglio, C., Mancini, F., & Couyoumdjian, A. (2013). Intrapsychic and interpersonal guilt: a critical review of the recent literature. Cognitive processing, 14(4), 333-346. [DOI:10.1007/s10339-013-0570-4] [PMID]
19. Cohen, T. R., Wolf, S. T., Panter, A. T., & Insko, C. A. (2011). Introducing the GASP scale: a new measure of guilt and shame proneness. Journal of personality and social psychology, 100(5), 947. [DOI:10.1037/a0022641] [PMID]
20. Crowder, M. K., & Kemmelmeier, M. (2018). Cultural differences in shame and guilt as understandable reasons for suicide. Psychological Reports, 121(3), 396-429. [DOI:10.1177/0033294117728288] [PMID]
21. Delfan Beiranvand, A., Rashid, K., Yaghoobi, A., & Kordnoghabi, R. (2022). Predictors of adolescents' moral behavior based on moral attitude, moral identity, benefit, and cost. Journal of Psychological Science, 21(119), 2145-2163. (In Persian) [DOI:10.52547/JPS.21.119.2145]
22. Essau, C. A., Sasagawa, S., & Frick, P. J. (2006). Callous-unemotional traits in a community sample of adolescents. Assessment, 13(4), 454-469. [DOI:10.1177/1073191106287354] [PMID]
23. Frick, P. J. (2004). Inventory of callous-unemotional traits. PLoS One. [DOI:10.1037/t62639-000]
24. Fromm, E. (1985). Etica y Psychoanalysis. Madrid: Fondo De Cultura Economica (Original work published 1947).
25. Gilbert, P. (2019). Distinguishing shame, humiliation and guilt: An evolutionary functional analysis and compassion focused interventions. The bright side of shame: Transforming and growing through practical applications in cultural contexts, 413-431. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-13409-9_27]
26. Graham, J., & Haidt, J. (2012). "Sacred values and evil adversaries: a moral foundations approach," in The Social Psychology of Morality: Exploring the Causes of Good and Evil, eds P. Shaver and M. Mikulincer (New York, NY: APA Books), 11-31. [DOI:10.1037/13091-001] [PMID]
27. Graham, J., Nosek, B. A., Haidt, J., Iyer, R., Koleva, S., & Ditto, P. H. (2011). Mapping the moral domain. Journal of personality and social psychology, 101(2), 366. [DOI:10.1037/a0021847] [PMID] []
28. Hashemi Golpayegani, F., Hosseinian, S., Rezaeian, H., Pourshahriari, M., & Rasouli, R. (2022). Psychometric properties of the guilt and shame experience scale in adolescents in Tehran. Journal of Psychological Science, 21(109), 53-70. )In Persian) [DOI:10.52547/JPS.21.109.53]
29. Jia, F., & Krettenauer, T. (2017). Recognizing Moral Identity as a Cultural Construct. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 412. [DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00412]
30. Jokar, B., & Kamali, F. (2015). Relation between Spirituality and the Feeling of Shame and Sin, Iranian Journal of Culture in the Islamic University, 5(1 (14)), 3-20. )In Persian) https://sid.ir/paper/236912/en
31. Kubany, E. S., & Watson, S. B. (2003). Guilt: Elaboration of a multidimensional model. Psychological Record, 53(1), 51-90. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-01443-005
32. Kugler, K., & Jones, W. H. (1992). On conceptualizing and assessing guilt. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62(2), 318. [DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.62.2.318]
33. Luppino, O. I., Tenore, K., Mancini, F., & Mancini, A. (2023). The Role of Childhood Experiences in the development of Disgust Sensitivity: a preliminary study on early moral memories. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 20(2), 109. [DOI:10.36131%2Fcnfioritieditore20230203]
34. Malinakova, K., Furstova, J., Kalman, M., & Trnka, R. (2020). A psychometric evaluation of the Guilt and Shame Experience Scale (GSES) on a representative adolescent sample: A low differentiation between guilt and shame. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(23), 8901. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph17238901] [PMID] []
35. Mancini, A., Granziol, U., Gragnani, A., Femia, G., Migliorati, D., Cosentino, T., Luppino, O. I., Perdighe, C., Saliani, A. M., Tenore, K., & Mancini, F. (2022). Guilt Feelings in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: An Investigation between Diagnostic Groups. Journal of clinical medicine, 11(16), 4673. [DOI:10.3390/jcm11164673] [PMID] []
36. Mancini, A., Granziol, U., Migliorati, D., Gragnani, A., Femia, G., Cosentino, T., ... & Mancini, F. (2022a). Moral Orientation Guilt Scale (MOGS): Development and validation of a novel guilt measurement. Personality and individual differences, 189, 111495. [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2021.111495]
37. Mancini, F., & Gangemi, A. (2021). Deontological and altruistic guilt feelings: A dualistic thesis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 651937. [DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651937] [PMID] []
38. Martin-Key, N. A., Spadaro, B., Funnell, E., Barker, E. J., Schei, T. S., Tomasik, J., & Bahn, S. (2022). The current state and validity of digital assessment tools for psychiatry: systematic review. JMIR Mental Health, 9(3), e32824. [DOI:10.2196/32824] [PMID] []
39. Moradi-motlagh, M. (2018). Design and validation of a structural model of the relationship between disgust and fear of contamination with the mediating roles of cognitive distortions including the sympathetic magics and emotional reasoning and moderating role of perceived vulnerability to disease in both non-clinical and clinical samples (OCD patients). Shahed University of Tehran. PhD Thesis. )In Persian) https://ganj.irandoc.ac.ir/viewer/79016f426cce647f8165f4812028e97f
40. Prinz, J.J.; Nichols, S. (2010). Moral Emotions. In The Moral Psychology Handbook; Doris, J.M., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK. [DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199582143.003.0005] [PMID]
41. Scaffidi Abbate, C., Misuraca, R., Roccella, M., Parisi, L., Vetri, L., & Miceli, S. (2022). The role of guilt and empathy on prosocial behavior. Behavioral Sciences, 12(3), 64. [DOI:10.3390/bs12030064] [PMID] []
42. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed). Boston: Pearson Education.
43. Tybur, J. M., Lieberman, D., & Griskevicius, V. (2009). Microbes, mating, and morality: individual differences in three functional domains of disgust. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(1), 103-122. [DOI:10.1037/a0015474] [PMID]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License. |
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)