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Shokoohi-Yekta M, Ghasemzadeh S. (2020). The effectiveness of teaching thinking child program on problem solving and parental self-efficacy. Journal of Psychological Science. 19(88), 413-420.
URL: http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-677-en.html

Background: Teaching problem-solving skills and parental self-efficacy enable the parents to deal effectively and logically with problematic behaviors of a child in different situations. However this is, can your child's law-abiding and thoughtful educational program make it possible for you? Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching Thinking Child Program on problem solving and parenting self-efficacy. Method: The research was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest design without control group. The sample of this study was parents of children aged 4 to 7 years old of non profit schools in Tehran in 97-98 academic year, who were selected by available sampling method for participating in the “Thinking Child Program” workshops. The research tools were Hepner-Petersen Problem-Solving Questionnaire(1982) and Parental Self-Efficacy Questionnaire(1996). The intervention program was organized as a workshop in 9 sessions, one session of two hours per week. Results: The findings of the present study showed that after the implementation of the “Thinking Child Program”, the mean scores of problem-solving (in problem-solving components, problem-solving confidence, approach-avoidance style, and personal control) in mothers indicated an increase in their post-test scores (P=0/0001). In addition, the mean scores of parenting self-efficacy in pre-test and post-test of mothers indicate a significant increase in post-test scores (P= 0/01). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that teaching “Thinking Child Program” could change problem solving and self-efficacy of mothers at a significant level after the program intervention. Based on the increase in scores, it can be concluded that mothers' training had a positive effect on choosing appropriate behaviors and solutions