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Hiva Baharloo 
, Peter Watson , Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe * , Vahid Savabi Niri , Hojjatollah Farahani
, Peter Watson , Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe * , Vahid Savabi Niri , Hojjatollah Farahani
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. , farzinbagheri73@gmail.com
Abstract: (20 Views)
Background: Panic disorder is a chronic and debilitating psychological condition characterized by recurrent, unexpected attacks that significantly impair patient functioning. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is recognized as a leading evidence-based intervention, specifically designed to restructure maladaptive thought patterns and mitigate symptoms associated with this disorder.
Aims: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of CBT on childhood trauma, rumination, and hypochondriasis in patients with panic disorder.
Methods: The present study employed a semi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control-group structure. The statistical population consisted of patients with panic symptoms who were referred to psychological clinics and medical centers in Mashhad in 2025. Using convenience sampling, 36 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to either an experimental (n=18) or control group (n=18). Data were collected using the Acute Panic Inventory (Dillon et al., 1987), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (Bernstein et al., 2003), Rumination Questionnaire (Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991), and Hypochondriasis Questionnaire (Evans, 1980). Participants in the experimental group received ten 90-minute CBT sessions based on the protocol of Marchand et al. (2018). Statistical analysis was conducted using multivariate covariance analysis with SPSS version 30.
Results: The results indicated that CBT significantly reduced physical abuse (F=54.32), emotional abuse (F=54.35), physical neglect (F=56.18), emotional neglect (F=53.91), sexual abuse (F=47.22), rumination (F=64.11), and hypochondria in patients with panic disorder (F=70.75) (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study highlights the therapeutic efficacy of CBT in alleviating long-term psychological burdens and maladaptive preoccupations among individuals with panic disorder. By addressing underlying childhood trauma and ruminative tendencies, this intervention serves as a robust clinical tool for stabilizing symptom-related distress and fostering psychological resilience.
Aims: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of CBT on childhood trauma, rumination, and hypochondriasis in patients with panic disorder.
Methods: The present study employed a semi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control-group structure. The statistical population consisted of patients with panic symptoms who were referred to psychological clinics and medical centers in Mashhad in 2025. Using convenience sampling, 36 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to either an experimental (n=18) or control group (n=18). Data were collected using the Acute Panic Inventory (Dillon et al., 1987), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (Bernstein et al., 2003), Rumination Questionnaire (Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991), and Hypochondriasis Questionnaire (Evans, 1980). Participants in the experimental group received ten 90-minute CBT sessions based on the protocol of Marchand et al. (2018). Statistical analysis was conducted using multivariate covariance analysis with SPSS version 30.
Results: The results indicated that CBT significantly reduced physical abuse (F=54.32), emotional abuse (F=54.35), physical neglect (F=56.18), emotional neglect (F=53.91), sexual abuse (F=47.22), rumination (F=64.11), and hypochondria in patients with panic disorder (F=70.75) (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study highlights the therapeutic efficacy of CBT in alleviating long-term psychological burdens and maladaptive preoccupations among individuals with panic disorder. By addressing underlying childhood trauma and ruminative tendencies, this intervention serves as a robust clinical tool for stabilizing symptom-related distress and fostering psychological resilience.
Article number: 2
Keywords: cognitive behavioral therapy, childhood trauma, rumination, hypochondriasis, panic disorder
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2026/06/5 | Accepted: 2026/07/22 | Published: 2026/07/23
Received: 2026/06/5 | Accepted: 2026/07/22 | Published: 2026/07/23
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This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)